What procedure involves the microscopic examination of tissues taken from the body?

The microscopic examination of tissues taken from the body is referred to as histopathology. This procedure is crucial for diagnosing diseases, especially cancer, as it involves analyzing tissue samples (biopsies) to identify any abnormalities in cellular structure or tissue architecture. Histopathologists prepare tissue specimens that have been processed, stained, and mounted on slides, allowing for detailed observation under a microscope. This diagnostic tool is an essential part of the pathology field, providing valuable information on the nature and extent of disease, which is vital for patient management and treatment planning.

In contrast, cytology involves the examination of individual cells rather than intact tissue structures, focusing on cellular abnormalities. Colposcopy and endoscopy are procedures used to visualize internal structures of the body but do not primarily involve the microscopic examination of tissues; colposcopy is specifically for examining the cervix, and endoscopy is for inspecting the gastrointestinal tract or other hollow organs. Thus, histopathology is the correct terminology that accurately describes the process of tissue examination at a microscopic level.