What type of anemia is caused by the abnormal or premature destruction of red blood cells?

Hemolytic anemia is characterized by the abnormal or premature destruction of red blood cells. This type of anemia occurs when the lifespan of red blood cells is significantly reduced due to various factors, including autoimmune disorders, infections, certain medications, or inherited conditions like sickle cell disease. In hemolytic anemia, the body’s bone marrow typically compensates for the increased destruction by producing more red blood cells; however, if the rate of destruction exceeds the production capacity, the individual will experience symptoms of anemia.

In contrast, iron deficiency anemia is caused primarily by a lack of iron, leading to insufficient hemoglobin formation. Aplastic anemia refers to the failure of the bone marrow to produce adequate amounts of blood cells, including red blood cells, leading to fatigue and increased risk of infection. Vitamin deficiency anemia arises from a lack of essential vitamins, such as vitamin B12 or folate, necessary for red blood cell production and maturation. Each of these conditions has distinct underlying causes that are different from the mechanisms involved in hemolytic anemia.